28609 – MAMMARY MYOFIBROBLASTOMA: A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Mammary myofibroblastoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor of the breast. In 1981, Toker et al. reported four cases of benign stromal breast tumors with morphological features similar to fusiform cell lipoma of soft tissues
and named them as benign fusiform tumors of the breast. It was later, in 1987, that the term myofibroblastoma was coined by Wargotz to describe a tumor characterized by proliferation of fusiform cells with myofibroblastic differentiation
within an abundant collagenous stroma. Although typically benign, myofibroblastomas can present a wide range of clinical and histological features, making their diagnosis and management challenging for clinicians. Methodology: For
this integrative systematic review, searches were conducted in scientific databases including the United States National
Library of Medicine (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search strategy focused on
identifying relevant published studies using the terms “myofibroblastoma of the breast” and “benign mesenchymal neoplasms of the breast.” A total of 19 articles published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were selected. Conclusion: Breast
myofibroblastoma is a rare benign tumor of the breast that primarily affects middle-aged women. Although it typically
presents as a painless mass, diagnosis requires histopathological examination. The results obtained so far indicate that
breast myofibroblastoma is challenging to differentiate from other benign and malignant lesions. Surgical excision with
clear margins is curative, and the prognosis is generally excellent. Further research is needed to better understand the
underlying molecular mechanisms of this tumor and its long-term outcomes.