Gynecologists’ knowledge and adherence to breast cancer screening guidelines: a study in Teresina-PI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29289/2594539420250035Keywords:
gynecologist, breast cancer, screening, knowledge, researchAbstract
Introduction: In Brazilian women, the most common type of cancer, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer, is breast cancer (BC). The estimated number of new BC cases for the 2023–2025 triennium in Brazil is 73,610 cases, corresponding to an estimated risk of 66.54 new cases per 100,000 women. Screening is a strategy for examining and detecting cancer at an early stage, when it may be easier to treat or cure. The study examines gynecologists’ knowledge about BC screening in Teresina, PI, Brazil. The aim of the study was to assess these professionals’ adherence to BC screening guidelines, which are essential for early detection and reducing mortality. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2019 with 138 gynecologists selected through simple random sampling. Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire and a knowledge evaluation on BC screening. Results: The study found that most gynecologists (58.39%) used mammography alone to screen asymptomatic women, while 40.15% preferred to combine mammography with ultrasound. Screening was most often recommended starting at age 40, and annual screening was suggested for women with a family history of BC. Only a small portion of professionals (11.76%) prescribed chemoprevention with tamoxifen or raloxifene. Notably, 20% reported calculating BC risk. Gynecologists who had completed residency training showed a better understanding and greater accuracy regarding the recommended guidelines. Conclusion: There is a need for continued education to align screening practices with current guidelines and standardize practices, promoting early diagnoses and potentially reducing BC mortality. Harmonizing protocols and regularly updating professionals are fundamental to optimizing screening outcomes.
Downloads
References
1. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). Estimativa 2023: incidência de câncer no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2022.
2. Andrade AV, Lucena CE, Santos DC, Pessoa EC, Mansani FP, Andrade FE, et al. Desafios do rastreamento do câncer de mama. Femina. 2023;51(9):538-42. Disponível em: https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/biblio-1532483
3. Andrade MC de, Ribeiro AP, Lanza K, Lima LM de, Oliveira GL. Ações de Detecção Precoce do Câncer de Mama no Brasil: Análise dos Dados do Sistema de Informação do Controle do Câncer de Mama (Sismama), 2009-2015. Rev Bras Cancerol. 2022;68(3):e-082189. https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2022v68n3.2189
4. Shah NM, Soliman AS, Banerjee M, Merajver SD, Ismail K, Seifeldin I, et al. Knowledge gained after a brief CME module on breast cancer diagnosis. J Cancer Educ. 2006; 21(3):169-74. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15430154jce2103_17
5. Monticciolo DL, Newell MS, Moy L, Lee CS, Destounis SV. Breast Cancer Screening for Women at Higher-Than-Average Risk: Updated Recommendations from the ACR. J Am Coll Radiol. 2023;20(9):902-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2023.04.002
6. Dhanasekaran K., Babu R., Kumar V, Mehrotra R, Hariprasad R. Capacity Building of Gynecologists in Cancer Screening Through Hybrid Training Approach. J Canc Educ. 2020;35(6):1243-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-019-01589-0
7. Scheffer M, Cassenote A, Guilloux AGA, Miotto BA, Mainardi GM, Matijasevich A, et al. Demografia Médica no Brasil 2018. São Paulo: FMUSP/CFM/Cremesp; 2018. 286 p.
8. Scheffer M, Cassenote A, Guerra A, Guilloux AGA, Brandão APD, Miotto BA, et al. Demografia Médica no Brasil 2020. São Paulo: FMUSP/CFM; 2020. 312 p.
9. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional do Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). Atualização em mamografia para técnicos em radiologia. 2. ed. rev. atual. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2019.
10. Ismail H, Shibani M, Zahrawi HW, Slitin AF, Alzabibi MA, Mohsen F, et al. Knowledge of breast cancer among medical students in Syrian Private University, Syria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Med Educ. 2021;21(1):251. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-02673-0
11. Aires NM, Freitas Jr R, Paulinelli RR, Baêta LF, Finotti MCCF, Silveira MT. Conhecimento dos métodos diagnósticos do câncer de mama entre estudantes de medicina. RevBrasGinecolObstet 1999: 21:133-7.
12. Vieira AV, Koch HA. Conhecimento sobre mamografia por mulheres que frequentam o Serviço de Radiologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Rio de Janeiro (SCMRJ). Rev Bras Mastol. 1999;9(2):56-61.
13. Moreno TES, Torres LVP, Filomeno SB, Sobreira Filho PAF, Pinto MBF, Ramos JA, et al. Prevalência e fatores associados à realização da mamografia no Estado de Pernambuco durante o período de 2015-2019. Braz J Develop. 2021;7(7):65796-80. https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n7-044
14. Freitas Junior R, Oliveira ELC, Marinho ER, Zampronha RAC, Pereira RJ, Soares FA. Conhecimento sobre o diagnóstico e rastreamento do câncer de mama entre os ginecologistas do estado de Goiás (Brasil). Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2003;49(3):312-6. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-42302003000300037
15. Urban LABD, Chala LF, Paula IB, Bauab SP, Schaefer MB, Oliveira ALK, et al. Recommendations for breast cancer screening in Brazil, from the Brazilian College of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, the Brazilian Society of Mastology, and the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations. Radiol Bras. 2023;56(4):207-14. https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0064-en
16. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Instituto Nacional do Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). Atualização em mamografia para técnicos em radiologia. 2. ed. rev. atual. Rio de Janeiro: INCA; 2019.
17. Migowski A, Nadanovsky P, Vianna CMM. Estimação do Sobrediagnóstico no Rastreamento Mamográfico: uma Avaliação Crítica. Rev Bras Cancerol. 2021;67(2):e-151281. https://doi.org/10.32635/2176-9745.RBC.2021v67n2.1281
18. Costa MM. Atualização em câncer de mama. Med Ciên Arte. 2022;1(4):55-73.
19. Federação Brasileira de Instituições Filantrópicas de Apoio à Saúde da Mama (FEMAMA). Quimioprevenção [Internet]. FEMANA; 2017 [cited on 2021 Apr. 28]. Available from: https://www.femama.org.br/site/br/cancer-de-mama/interna/quimioprevencao
20. Silva LM, Bernardo AAS, Morais GFL, Menezes ABEO, Fernandes GHS, Neto LSM. O uso do tamoxifeno no tratamento do câncer de mama. Rev Uni Bras. 2024;2(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14641985
21. Macêdo CMMH. Análise do risco de câncer de mama por meio de APP versus comparação com a mamografia [dissertação]. Fortaleza: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará; 2023.
22. Santos JA; Girianelli VR; Silva GA. Acompanhamento de mulheres rastreadas para o câncer de mama com lesões provavelmente benignas no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Cad Saúde Colet. 2023;31(3):e31030471. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-462X202331030471
23. Nascimento DMA; Silva RT; Galhardo AT. Câncer de mama: fatores de risco e prevenção. Estudos Avançados sobre Saúde e Natureza. 2024;18. https://doi.org/10.51249/easn18.2024.1956
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Rafael dos Santos Nunes, Danilo Rafael da Silva Fontinele, Sabas Carlos Vieira
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
